centos7 升级 glibc && gcc

环境

• cenos7(X86_64)

为了验证 mmap()一些功能需要升级glibc版本， 顺便把gcc一起升级一下

升级gcc

预安装包

安装过程中需要makeinfo, 先安装下texi2html, texinfo

yum install texi2html texinfo 

安装gcc

wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/gcc-10.1.0/gcc-10.1.0.tar.gz

tar zxvf gcc-10.1.0.tar.gz
cd gcc-10.1.0/
mkdir build
cd build
/configure --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib
make && make install

验证

# gcc -v
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=...
Target: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
Configured with: ../configure --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib
Thread model: posix
Supported LTO compression algorithms: zlib
gcc version 10.1.0 (GCC)

升级glibc

预安装包

我的机器上是要求安装最新的make, 网上有需要升级ld, 的下载安装binutils就可以了

wget https://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/make/make-4.3.tar.gz
tar zxvf make-4.3.tar.gz
cd make-4.3
mkdir build
./configure
make && make install
cp /usr/bin/make make.backup
ln /usr/local/bin/make /usr/bin/make

安装glibc

wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/glibc/glibc-2.31.tar.gz
tar -xvf  glibc-2.31.tar.gz
mkdir glibc-2.31/build
cd glibc-2.31/build
../configure --prefix=/usr --with-headers=/usr/include
 --with-binutils=/usr/bin
make
make install

问题 make install 报错

/usr/bin/perl scripts/test-installation.pl /tmp/glibc-2.31/build/ 
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lnss_test2
...
LD_SO=ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 CC="gcc -B/usr/bin/" /usr/bin/perl
 scripts/test-installation.pl /tmp/glibc-2.31/build/
/usr/bin/ld: /lib/../lib64/libnss_nis.so: undefined reference to
'_nsl_default_nss@GLIBC_PRIVATE'

可以从上面脚本信息看到是 scripts/test-installation.pl 有报错,
进去看一下, 主目录下的 Makefile

    122 ifneq (no,$(PERL))
    123 ifeq (/usr,$(prefix))
    124 ifeq (,$(install_root))
    125         LD_SO=$(ld.so-version) CC="$(CC)" $(PERL) scripts/
    test-installation.pl $(common-objpfx)
    126 endif
    127 endif
    128 endif
    129 endif
    130 endif

123 ifeq (/usr,$(prefix)) 看来是和configure配置的prefix设置为/usr有关

具体的脚本 scripts/test-installation.pl 大致流程:

1. 读取共享库版本;
2. 使用这些动态库生成一个文件;
3. 通过ldd检验一下

解决动态库 nss_test2 报错

调整一下 增加下面一行不再进行验证

    128         && $name ne "nss_test2"

    105 # Read names and versions of all shared libraries that are part of
    106 # glibc
    107 open SOVERSIONS, $soversions
    ...
    111 %versions = ();
    112
    113 while (<SOVERSIONS>) {
    114   next if (/^all-sonames/);
    115   chop;
    116   if (/^lib/) {
    117     ($name, $version)= /^lib(.*)\.so-version=\.(.*)$/;
    118     # Filter out some libraries we don't want to link:
    119     # - nss_ldap since it's not yet available
    120     # - libdb1 since it conflicts with libdb
    121     # - libthread_db since it contains unresolved references
    122     # - it's just a test NSS module
    123     # - We don't provide the libgcc so we don't test it
    124     # - libmvec if it wasn't built
    125     next if ($build_mathvec == 0 && $name eq "mvec");
    126     if ($name ne "nss_ldap" && $name ne "db1"
    127         && $name ne "thread_db"
    128         && $name ne "nss_test2"
    129         && $name ne "nss_test1" && $name ne "libgcc_s") {
    130       $link_libs .= " -l$name";
    131       $versions{$name} = $version;
    132     }
    133   } elsif ($LD_SO ne "") {
    134     ($ld_so_name, $ld_so_version) = split ('\.so\.', $LD_SO);
    135   } else {
    136     if (/^ld\.so/) {
    137       ($ld_so_name, $ld_so_version)= /=(.*)\.so\.(.*)$/;
    138     }
    139   }
    140 }
    ....

解决动态库 undefined reference to '_nsl_default_nss@GLIBC_PRIVATE'

这个看下nis/Makefile

     71 ifeq ($(build-obsolete-nsl),yes)
     72 libnsl-routines += nss-default

configure 增加 --enable-obsolete-nsl

#configure --help
  --enable-obsolete-nsl   build and install the obsolete libnsl 
  library and depending NSS modules

按照下面格式重新调整一下，重新编译就可以了

../configure --prefix=/usr --with-headers=/usr/include
 --with-binutils=/usr/bin  --enable-obsolete-nsl

参考及引用

How to Compile and Install Latest Version of GCC on CentOS 7
What is makeinfo, and how do I get it?